1. Power Source: AC/DC: TIG welders can operate on alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). AC is often used for aluminum and magnesium, while DC is common for other metals like steel and stainless steel. Current Range: The welding current needed depends on the thickness of the material being welded. For example, thin materials might require 30-80 amps, while thicker materials can need 150-200 amps or more. Frequency and Balance (AC): When using AC, the frequency (measured in Hertz) and the balance of the current can be adjusted to optimize penetration and weld appearance. 2. Electrode: Material: TIG welders use tungsten electrodes, which are non-consumable and do not melt during welding. The type of electrode (e.g., plain tungsten, thoriated tungsten, ceriated tungsten) is chosen based on the material being welded and the welding current. Diameter: The electrode diameter is chosen based on the current intensity and whether it’s AC or DC welding. Common diameters include 1.6, 2.4, 3.2, and 4 mm. Stick-Out: The distance the electrode extends from the collet is important for arc control and weld quality. Short stick-out (3-5mm) is good for thin materials, while longer stick-out (greater than 6mm) can be useful for fillet welds. 3. Gas: Type: TIG welding uses a shielding gas to protect the weld puddle from atmospheric contamination. Argon is the most common choice, but other gases like helium or mixtures can be used. Flow Rate: The gas flow rate (measured in cubic feet per minute or liters per minute) needs to be sufficient to shield the weld puddle adequately. 4. Filler Material: Type: The filler material (wire) is used to add additional metal to the weld joint. The type of filler wire depends on the base metal being welded. Diameter: The diameter of the filler wire is chosen to match the thickness of the material being welded. 5. Workpiece Preparation: Cleaning: The workpiece needs to be clean and free from grease, paint, or other contaminants that could interfere with the weld. Joint Design: The type of joint (butt, lap, tee, etc.) will affect the welding parameters and the resulting weld. Edge Preparation: The edges of the joint need to be prepared properly to ensure a good weld. Categories: TIG, Welding Machines
